The paternal relationship between Edmund Lee Frappier and his son REF is confirmed by the direct inheritance path of autosomal DNA down to their DNA tested descendant EN.
The segmental (via DNA segment triangulation) and total DNA shared between EN and other confirmed descendants of
Joshua BIRD/
Mary Ann THOMAZIN is consistent with the expected ranges for their respective relationships. Since EN descends from Joshua BIRD/Mary Ann THOMAZIN through Edmund Lee Frappier and his son REF, the presence of significant shared DNA between EN and other known descendants of Joshua BIRD/Mary Ann THOMAZIN validates the generational links along this paternal line.
This supports the conclusion that DNA was passed from MRCA couple Joshua BIRD/Mary Ann THOMAZIN through Edmund Lee Frappier to REF, and ultimately to EN, confirming this direct ancestral connection through multiple generations.